WOULD
- will ၏ အတိတ်အဖြစ် သုံးသောစကား။ used as the past form of will when reporting what somebody has said or thought
- He said he would be here at eight o'clock (= His words were: ‘I will be there at eight o'clock.’).
- She asked if I would help
- They told me that they probably wouldn't come.
- (အလားအလာ အခြေအနေကို မှန်းပြောရာ၌ သုံးသော စကားလုံး)။ (နှင့်) ဆိုလျှင်။ မယ်ဆိုရင်။ ရင်တော့ used for talking about the result of an event that you imagine
- She'd look better with shorter hair
- If you went to see him, he would be delighted.
- Hurry up! It would be a shame to miss the beginning of the play.
- She'd be a fool to accept it (= if she accepted).
- (တစ်ခုခုအပေါ်မှီ၍ အခြားတစ်ခုခု ဖြစ်နိုင်ကြောင်း ပြစကားလုံး)။ ….ခဲ့လျှင်။ …မှာပါ၊ မှာပဲ used for describing a possible action or event that did not in fact happen, because something else did not happen first
- If I had seen the advertisement in time, I would have applied for the job.
- They would never have met if she hadn't gone to Emma's party.
- (so that/ in order that နောက်တွင် သုံး၍ ရည်ရွယ်မှုနှင့် အကျိုးရလဒ်ကို ဖော်ပြသောစကား) used for saying why somebody does something
- She burned the letters so that her husband would never read them.
- He worked hard in order that he would pass all his exams.
- (wish နောက်တွင် သုံး၍ ဆန္ဒသဘောထားကို ပြသောစကားလုံး) used for saying what you want to happen
- I wish you’d be quiet for a minute.
- (စိတ်ဆန္ဒမရှိကြောင်း၊ စက်ကိရိယာ စသည် အလုပ်မလုပ်ကြောင်း ဖော်ပြသောစကားလုံး) used to show that somebody/something was not willing or refused to do something
- She wouldn't change it, even though she knew it was wrong.
- My car wouldn't start this morning
- (အယဉ်အကျေး မေတ္တာရပ်ခံသောစကား) used to ask somebody politely to do something
- Would you mind leaving us alone for a few minutes?
- Would you open the door for me, please?
- (တစ်ဖက်သား၏ အကြိုက်ကို အယဉ်အကျေးမေးသော စကား၊ ဖိတ်ခေါ်စကား)
- Would you like a sandwich?
- Would you have dinner with me on Friday?
- (နှစ်သက်ကြောင်း၊ မနှစ်သက်ကြောင်း ဖော်ပြရာတွင် သုံးသောစကားလုံး)used to give opinions that you are not certain about
- I would imagine the job will take about two days.
- I'd say he was about fifty.
- (အတိတ်တွင် ဖြစ်လေ့၊ လုပ်လေ့ရှိသည့် သဘောကို ဖော်ပြရာ၌ သုံးသောစကားလုံး) used for talking about things that often happened in the past
- When my parents were away, my grandmother would take care of me.
- He'd always be the first to offer to help
- (အကျင့် စရိုက်၊ အခြေအနေ အနေအထားကို ဝေဖန်သမှုပြုရာ၌ သုံးသောစကားလုံး) used for talking about behaviour that you think is typical
- ‘She said it was your fault.’ ‘Well, she would say that, wouldn’t she?
- It would rain (i.e how typical it is of the weather that it should rain) on our wedding day!
- (အကြံဉာဏ်ပေးရာ၌ သုံးသော စကားလုံး) used to give advice
- I wouldn't have any more to drink, if I were you.
- would imagine, say, think, etc. (that)… မသေချာမှုတစ်ခုကို ခန့်မှန်းပြောရာ၌ သုံးသော စကားလုံး used to give opinions that you are not certain about
- I would imagine the job will take about two days.
- I'd say he was about fifty.
- (literary)ပြင်းပြသော ဆန္ဒကို ဖော်ပြရာ၌ အသုံးပြု used to express a strong wish
- Would that he had lived to see it.
PERFECT MODAL VERBS
- Could have/Might have + v3: အတိတ်တစ်ခုတွင် ဖြစ်နိုင်၊ လုပ်ဖို့/ဖြစ်ဖို့ တတ်နိုင်ပေမဲ့ မလုပ်/မဖြစ်ခဲ့ဘူး။ means that something was possible in the past, or you had the ability to do something in the past, but that you didn't do it.
- I could have moved out when I was 18, but I didn't want to leave my family. (I chose to stay)
- I might have moved out, but I didn't want to leave my family. (I chose to stay)
- I could have gone out with my friends but I wanted to watch the soccer game. (I could but I didn't go with them)
- I might have gone out with my friends but I wanted to watch the soccer game.
- I could have stayed up late, but I decided to go to bed early.
- They could have won the race, but they didn't try hard enough.
- Julie could have bought the book, but she borrowed it from the library instead.
- He could have studied harder, but he was too lazy and that's why he failed the exam.
- Couldn’t have + v3: အတိတ်တစ်ခုတွင် လုပ်ချင်ခဲ့သော်လည်း လုပ်ဖို့ အခွင့်အရေး မရှိခဲ့ဘူး။ It means to say that in the past even if we had wanted something, we didn’t have the chance to do it.
- couldn't have visited you when I was in Paris as I didn't know your address.(I didn't visit you when I was in England but it was not possible anyway)
- Should have + v3/ Ought to have + v3 : အတိတ်တစ်ခုတွင် လုပ်ဖို့ သင့်သော်လည်း မလုပ်ဖြစ်ခဲ့ဘူး (သို့) လုပ်ခဲ့သင့်တယ်။ mean something that would have been a good idea, but that you didn't do it. It's like giving advice about the past when you say it to someone else, or regretting what you did or didn't do when you're talking about yourself.
- You should have checked your answers thoroughly before you handed in your exam. (but you didn't which was a mistake)
- You ought to have checked. (Same but stronger than should have)
- Would have + v3: အတိတ်တစ်ခုတွင် လုပ်ချင်ခဲ့သော် မလုပ်လိုက်ရဘူး။ to talk about something you wanted to do but didn't. This is very similar to the third conditional, but we don't need an 'if clause'.
- I would have gone to the party, but I was really busy. (= I wanted to go to the party, but I didn't because I was busy. If I hadn't been so busy, I would have gone to the party.)
- I would have called you, but I didn't know your number. (I wanted to call you but I didn't know your number, so I didn't call you.)
- A: Nobody volunteered to help us with the fair. B: I would have helped you. I didn't know you needed help.(= If I had known that you needed help, I would have helped you.)
- Must have/Would have + 3: Referring to past events. Must have + v3 is when we talk about our strong opinions based on evidence / facts. Would have + V3 is similar to could have and might have but would have is more about something we chose to do or not to do in the past because a certain necessity was not met. Something was missing and that we chose to do what we did and that would have is usually combined with if clauses.
- Do you know Ryan's math grade? I don't know but he must have got an A. (His math is really good)
- I would have moved out but I hadn't had enough money.(I wanted to move out but I didn't have money)
- I would have been smiling if you had brought me some flowers.(You didn't bring me flowers, so I am not smiling)
- I would have never divorced him if he hadn't hit me. (I would never divorce him unless he hit me. / He hit me, I divorced him)
- If he had studied harder, he would have passed the exam
- If my alarm had gone off, I wouldn’t have been late to work.
- If there hadn’t been so much traffic, we wouldn’t have missed our flight.
- If you had told me about the meeting, I would have come.
- If you had told me about the meeting, I wouldn’t have missed it.
- I’d have come to the meeting if you’d told me about it.
- I wouldn’t have missed the meeting if you’d told me about it.
- Managed to (was able to/could ): အတိတ်တစ်ခုတွင် လုပ်ဆောင်နိုင်ခဲ့တယ်။ was able/could နဲ့ တူတယ်ဆိုပေမဲ့ 'managed to' ကပိုပြီး ခက်ခက်ခဲခဲ လုပ်ဆောင်နိုင်ခဲ့တာကို ဆိုလိုပါတယ်။ They mean someone succeeded in doing something that was a challenge or took a special effort. However, the phrase “managed to” puts a little more emphasis on how hard the challenge was or how much effort it took.
- We were able to get a really good price on the car.
- We managed to get a really good price on the car.
- I was able to persuade her to volunteer at the show.
- I managed to persuade her to volunteer at the show.
Ref:
- Oxford Learners Dictionary
- Eng-Myan Dictionary App
- Perfect English Grammar
- Your Dictionary website
- Grammar Bank.com
- VOA Learning English
- PhraseMix
- Wall Street English
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